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In the world where technology serves as a convenience store to the human race, is there little hope left for the printed word? What does the future hold for magazines, newspapers, and books in the middle of its gyrating competition with their electronic counterparts? Witness history as eleven students take the challenge to voice out their opinions on the status of the print industry. Read, listen, see and believe.

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The 'Death of the Book'
written on Wednesday, December 11, 2013 @ 3:49 PM ✈

Ma. Czarina D. Garcia
Prof. Randy Torrecampo
December 12, 2013
INTPRIN A51
The ‘Death of the Book’

As much as the ‘Death of the Book’ may seem like a phrase taken straight out of a recent novel set in a dystopian future, this infamous media assumption is not a new one; in fact, it has been a consistent prediction made subject by critics and scholars in their literary works over the past 19th and 20th century (Price). Books have always been viewed as an important, esteemed and revolutionary medium because not only have they been around for generations but they have also served a variety of purposes in society throughout the course of history (i.e. disseminating information, stories, doctrines and etc.). Moreover, the fact that books are easily accessible, portable, inexpensive and permanent makes them significant when it comes to transmitting and communicating messages to large diverse audiences (Dennis and DeFleur 36). With the coming of the digital age, technology continues to rapidly progress which, consequently, allows them to play a bigger role in almost all aspects of society. Marketing innovations and the advancements in technology (such as the merging of mediums into particular devices) have made more people much more reliable on media and have also made it increasingly difficult for them to appreciate the nature of books and the irreplaceable, unique and inherent qualities that only it possesses (Dennis and DeFleur 37 ). With all of this in mind, it is important for us to understand the current problems of the book publishing business (with the help of the Media Dependency Theory) and what this entails for the future of long-term reading and the traditional printed book format.

            Before we go any further, what exactly is the ‘book’ in the infamous ‘death of the book’? Based on the research, the so-called book in the infamous phrase not only pertains to the traditional, printed book format, but also to the long-form attention of reading.  According to Alan Liu (as cited in Muri 132), the book is less of the tangible-material object and is:

More like a cultural desideratum: “A long form of attention ­intended for the permanent, standard, and authoritative—i.e., socially repeatable and valued—communication of human thought and experience (usually through narrative, argumentative, or other programmatic organizations of bound-together-yet-discrete textual, graphic, and haptic elements).

 With the definition of the book being a ‘long-form attention’, this presents a contradiction to the present reality of e-books wherein (through its digital ability to allow hyperlinks into the text and implement other forms of distractions) they allow readers to absorb and take on shorter-forms of reading (short-texts) instead of long-form ones; thus, this propagates shorter attention spans from people (Solsman). With more individuals making the shift to e-books as seen in this year’s growth of sales (Bury), this could present an evident problem not just to the existence of the printed platform, but to people’s (especially the youth) focus to long-term material (Stone). This undergoing circumstance illustrates the expansion of a culture that values speed and connectivity—but at the consequence of being easily distracted and fickle minded.

Disability to focus or retain long-form attention and retain the printed word is an evident consequence of the digital age in which we all live in today. People have become more reliant on technology due to the fact that in the era of post-PC computing (iPads and smart-phones), computing has been made more casual, easy and intimate as compared to its predecessors, the laptop and the personal computer (Choney). As a result, people have learned to become more dependent on them when it comes to making decisions in their everyday living. This is where the Media Dependency Theory enters the picture. The Media Dependency Theory created by Melvin DeFleur and Sandra Ball Rokeach (Baran and Davis 288-289) asserts that the more one has their needs met by media, the more influence media will have in their lives. People’s inclination towards devices such as the iPad and the smart-phone, wherein various mediums have been merged together for purpose of convenience, have made people seek other devices that could also meet their needs in other aspects of their lives in order to make things simpler and more fitting to their tastes—and one of these is in the act of reading books.

According to Stone, at present current innovations such as “e-readers, cell phones, and other gadgets, Amazon, Google, sluggishly evolving publishers, Facebook- addicted teenagers, people who pirate books, and perhaps even the susceptibility of the human brain to various distractions,” are hastening the demise of the book. Attitudes, behaviours and technological phenomenon brought about by the internet/digitalization are changing the landscape of the book. Not only are peoples’ growing dependency to media contributing to the book’s decline, but issues such as the rise in demand for e-books, digital piracy, the increasing popularity of buying second-hand books, and the demand for free news and low price rates of reading content by young consumers are negatively affecting the traditional publishing industry (Bury). Furthermore, the e-book is drastically changing the publisher’s traditional business models and has been allowing authors to publish under their own name; this consequently, has traditional publishers cutting author advances significantly (Shepherd). The direct control e-book publishing has given authors have made it all the more competitive for publishers as there is a rise in the number of authors and books being produced.

Considering the present issues that the book is currently facing as a result to the growing e-book industry, the future of the traditional book seems bleak with professionals from the print media industry predicting the continuance of e-book sales growth and influence.  According to HarperCollin’s UK Head Charlie Redmayne (as cited in Rankin), e-books will continue to play a big role in society. Sales of the traditional book and e-book are shown to be inversely proportional to one another as sales of the traditional, printed book continue to decline whereas digital copies are rising and are now accountable for more than one fifth of sales. He expects that demand for the e-book would continue to grow before hitting its peak of constituting approximately 50% of all book sales. In order to counter this, Redmayne focuses on building brands of emerging authors; however, Redmayne and other media experts suggest the accepting of this change and encouraging the industry to think beyond the e-book and the audio-book by producing various digital content for devices (such as apps, games and videos) is needed in order to attract new readers who he says, might feel more comfortable with the iPad more than the bookshop. Muri (135) claims that one should not refuse the fact that digital books are eclipsing that of the print and traditional type. Instead, we must learn how to embrace it and seek ways to make it better and capture the beneficial qualities that only its print equivalent could impart to its readers.

Although the future of the traditional book may look bleak—especially with modern technology making tasks like reading and book buying quicker and simpler—media practitioners claim that the complete extinction of the book would not happen in the foreseeable future… at least not yet (who knows in a century’s time this would change). There is still hope. We may not be able to prevent the shift to a more digital platform and only time will tell when the world would have fully shifted to an electronic form of reading; however, long-form engagement with reading books (whether it may be digital or printed), can survive as long as they are thoughtfully used (Stone). Although there are benefits to digital reading devices, nothing should ever substitute long-form reading—for it provides clarity of thought, and is necessary to democracy and freedom. Long-form reading and writing is at the core of our individuality and requires us to engage with the text so that we may be able absorb the experiences and knowledge the words wish to leave to impart on us.

So who says the book is dead? It may be dwindling, but it is still alive and it is fighting back. Long live the Book!


References

Baran, Stanley J., and Dennis K. Davis. Mass Communication Theory: Foundations, Ferment and Future. 6th ed. Wadsworth Publishing, 2011. 105-108. Print.

Bury, Liz. "Ebooks and discounts drive 98 publishers out of business." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 4 Nov. 2013. Web. 9 Dec. 2013. <http://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/nov/04/ebooks-discounts-98-publishers-closure>.

Choney, Suzanne. "The IPad at 2: 'Huge Impact' on Our Lives." NBC News Technology. NBC News, 6 Mar. 2012. Web. 9 Dec. 2013.

Dennis, Everette E., and Melvin L. DeFleur. Understanding media in the digital age: connections for communication, society, and culture. New York: Allyn & Bacon, 2010. Print.

Muri, Allison. "Twenty Years After The Death Of The Book: Literature, The Humanities, And The Knowledge Economy." English Studies In Canada 38.1 (2012): 115-140. Academic Search Complete. Web. 9 Dec. 2013.

Price, Leah. "Dead Again." Sunday Book Review. The New York Times, 10 Aug. 2012. Web. 5 Dec. 2013. <http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/12/books/review/the-death-of-the-book-through-the-ages.html?_r=0>.

Rankin, Jennifer. "HarperCollins UK boss tells publishers: take storytelling back from digital rivals." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 21 Nov. 2013. Web. 9 Dec. 2013. <http://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/nov/20/harpercollins-charlie-redmayne-publishers-storytelling-digital>.

Shepherd, Lloyd. "The death of books has been greatly exaggerated." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 30 Aug. 2011. Web. 9 Dec. 2013. <http://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/aug/30/death-books-exaggerated>.

Solsman, Joan. "Kindle sales get bigger, and Amazon e-books get shorter." CNET News. CBS Interactive, 4 Dec. 2013. Web. 8 Dec. 2013. <http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57614478-93/kindle-sales-get-bigger-and-amazon-e-books-get-shorter/>.


Stone, Brad . "Documentary Film Investigates the (Alleged) Death of Books." Technology. Bloomberg Business Week, 10 May 2013. Web. 5 Nov. 2013. <http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-05-10/documentary-film-investigates-the-alleged-death-of-books>.

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